THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-27th Dec 2017*

1. Shanty (noun): (A small, crudely built shack.) (छोटा सा झोंपड़ा)

Synonyms: Shack, Hut, Lean-to, Hovel, Bothy, Shieling.

Example: Although the one roomshanty wasn’t much to look at, it provided ice fisherman much needed shelter from the bitter wind.

Origin:  from Canadian French (Canadian French refers to a variety of dialects of the French language generally spoken in Canada. ) chantier ‘lumberjack's cabin, logging camp’.
2.August (adjective): (Much-admired and respected) (महत्वपूर्ण/उत्कृष्ट/प्रतिष्ठित)

Synonyms: Distinguished, Respected, Eminent, Venerable, Illustrious, Prestigious, Honored, Acclaimed.

Antonyms: Undignified, Dishonorable, Criticized.

Example: When Maggie learned the party was at the augustnightclub, she was excited by the thought of meeting some of her favorite celebrities.

Origin: From Latin Latin augustus ‘consecrated, venerable’.
3. Eternize (verb): (Make eternal; cause to live or last forever.) (अविरत बनाना)

Synonyms: Immortalize, Keep alive, Cause to continue, Prolong indefinitely.

Antonyms: Discontinue, Halt, Cease, Stop.

Example: If no one does anything to fight crime in the country, then the problem only seems toeternize itself.

Verb forms: Eternize, Eternized, Eternized.

Related words:

Eternity (noun) - Infinite or unending time.

Origin:  from Latin aeternus ‘without beginning or end’
4. Flail (verb): (Flounder; struggle uselessly.) (अटकना/लड़खड़ाना)

Synonyms: Falter, Lurch, Struggle, Waver, Wobble.

Antonyms: Prosper, Get On.

Example: The new swimmer had to flail in the deep end until the lifeguard dragged him to safety.

Verb forms: Flail, Flailed, Flailed.
5.Encumbrance (noun): (An impediment or burden.) (ऋणभार/रुकावट/बाधा)

Synonyms: Hindrance, Obstruction, Obstacle, Impediment, Restraint, Imposition, Burden.

Antonyms: Aid, Help, Assistance.

Example: If she had known how much of an encumbrance her student debt would be, she would have found a different way to finance her education.

Verb forms: Encumber, Encumbered, Encumbered.

Related words:

Encumber (verb) - Restrict or impede (someone or something) in such a way that free action or movement is difficult.

Origin: from Old French encombrer ‘block up’, from en- ‘in’ + combre ‘river barrage’.
6.Frangible (adjective): Able to be broken into fragments/not strong or sturdy. (अस्थायी/भंगुर)

Synonyms: Breakable, Brittle, Crumbly, Delicate, Feeble, Flimsy, Frail.

Antonyms: Strong, Firm, Sturdy, Robust.

Example: Frangible toys are not suited for young children since their small, separable pieces are choking hazards.

Origin: from Latin frangere ‘to break’.
7. Bedrock (noun): (The fundamental principles on which something is based.) (आधार-शिला/मूल)

Synonyms: Core, Basis, Base, Foundation, Roots, Backbone, Essence, Nitty-Gritty.

Antonyms: Weak Point.

Example: Honesty is the bedrockof a good relationship.
8. Out of-the-box (phrase):(Outside of or beyond what is considered usual, traditional, or conventional.) (सबसे अलग)

Synonyms: Unusually Good, Exceptionally Well, Remarkably Good, Extra Special.

Antonyms: Clichéd, Conventional, Hackneyed.

Example: To make the newly launched product successful, the CEO announced an out of the boxstrategy.
9. Red-tapism (idiom): (The practice of requiring excessive paperwork and tedious procedures before official action can be considered orcompleted.) (दफ्तरशाही)

Synonyms: Official delay, Obstructive policy, Bureaucratic stall.

Antonyms: Advantageous, Aiding (of policies or administration)

Example: In India generally public welfare projects are delayed due to red-tapism.
10.Contagion (noun): Literal - spread by close contact (a disease)/figurative- The spreading of a harmful idea or theory. (संक्रमण/स्पर्श संचार)

Synonyms: Contamination, Infection, Blight, Transmission (of disease or A theory)

Antonyms: cleanliness.

Example: Washing your hands is one of the most effective ways to stop the spread of the fatalcontagion.

Origin:  from Latin contagio, from con- ‘together with’ + the base of tangere ‘to touch

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS- 26th Dec 2017*

1. Memoir (noun): (A historical account or biography written from personal knowledge.) (वृतांत/ संस्मरण)

Synonyms: Historical Account, Biography, Chronicle, Life Story.

Example: Since the eight-year-old boy knew he was dying because of cancer, he decided to write amemoir so his parents would always have him near.

Verb forms:

Origin:  From French mémoire ‘memory’.
2.Commiserate (verb): (Feel or express pity or sympathy for (someone).)  (समवेदना प्रकट करना/सहानुभूति प्रकट करना)

Synonyms: Console, Solace, Offer Sympathy To, Condole With, Empathize With, Feel Pity For.

Antonyms: Be Indifferent, Turn Away.

Example: Until you have walked in someone’s shoes, you cannotcommiserate with him.

Verb forms: Commiserate, Commiserate, Commiserate.

Related words:

Commiseration (noun) - Sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

Origin: From Latin commiserari, from com- ‘with’ + miserari ‘to lament’ (from miser ‘wretched’).
3.Upfront (adjective): (Bold, honest, and frank/ truthful and straightforward) (सुस्पष्ट/स्पष्टवादी)

Synonyms: Frank, Candid, Forthright, Plain-Spoken, Bluff.

Antonyms: Evasive, Prevaricating, Elusive, Ambiguous, Equivocal.

Example: Because the politician made a speech in upfront manner, he earned the respect of the voters.
4. Exigency (noun): (An urgent need or demand/ something that is necessary in a particular situation) (अत्यावश्यकता/जरूरत)

Synonyms: Need, Contingency, Requirement, Urgency, Essential, Requisite

Antonyms: Availability, Abundance.

Example: Keeping money in a savings account is a financialexigency that will serve you well if you ever lose your job.

Related words:

Exigent (adjective) – अत्यावश्यक
5.Expunge (verb): Obliterate or remove completely (something unwanted or unpleasant).(मिटाना)

Synonyms: Erase, Remove, Delete, Rub Out, Wipe Out, Efface, Eradicate.

Antonyms: Construct, Establish, Create.

Example: A beautiful day at the beach was more than enough toexpunge Jane’s  recall of a difficult week at the office.

Verb forms: Expunge, Expunged, Expunged.

Related words:

Expunction (noun) - Deletion by an act of expunging or erasing
6.Spectre (noun): (Something widely feared as a possible unpleasant or dangerous occurrence) (आशंका/खतरा)

Synonyms: Threat, Menace, Danger, Peril, danger.

Antonyms: Safety, Surety, security.

Example: The conflict between manager and employees is always a spectre for the company.

Origin: from French spectre
7.Incorrigible (adjective): ((Of a person or their behaviour) not able to be changed or reformed.) (असुधार्य)

Synonyms: Incurable, Irrecoverable, Irredeemable, Irreformable

Antonyms: Recoverable, Redeemable, Reformable, Remediable

Example: Even after spending years in jail, some people remainincorrigible and unafraid of the law.

Related words:

Corrigible (adjective) – सुधार्य

Origin: From Latin incorrigibilis, from in- ‘not’ + corrigere ‘to correct’. 
8. Loom (verb): ((Of an event regarded as threatening) seem about to happen.) (सम्भावना होना/संकट मँडराना)

Synonyms: Be imminent, Be on the horizon, Impend, Be ominously close, Threaten, be threatening.

Antonyms: Be remote, Be distant.

Example: When the storm began to loom over the horizon, they decided to go back to the safe place. .

Verb forms: Loom, Loomed, Loomed. 
9. Candour (noun): (The quality of being open and honest;) (स्पष्टवादिता/सरलता)

Synonyms: Frankness, Honesty, Candidness, Truthfulness, Sincerity, Forthrightness.

Antonyms: Deceit, Dishonesty, Unfairness, Artifice, Deception

Example: Because the author writes with such candour about his experiences, his readers will feel as if they are actually a part of his life.

Origin: from Latin candor ‘whiteness’
10. Perturb (verb): (Make (someone) anxious or unsettled.) (बेचैन करना/घबरा देना/व्याकुल करना)

Synonyms: Worry, Upset, Unsettle, Disturb, Disquiet, Discompose, Disconcert, Discomfit, Unnerve.

Antonyms: Calm, Soothe, Please, Mollify.

Example: Knowing there is a criminal living in her neighborhood makes her veryperturbed.

Verb forms: Perturb, Perturbed, Perturbed.

Related words:

Perturbate (adjective) - व्याकुल/उद्विग्न

Perturbation (noun) - घबराहट/बेचैनी

Origin: from Latin perturbare, from per- ‘completely’ + turbare‘disturb’.

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-25th Dec 2017*

1.Indigenization (noun): (Act of making something more native) (देशीकरण)

Synonyms: Nationalization, Naturalization, Acculturation.

Example: The marine scientists were confused when they found a species of fish that was notindigenous to the ocean water.

Related words:

Indigenous (adjective) - Originating or occurring naturally in a particular place

Origin: from Latin indigena ‘a native’
2. Sobriety (noun): (The state of being sober/ the quality of being staid or solemn.) (गम्भीरता)

Synonyms: Seriousness, Solemnity, Thoughtfulness, Somberness, Severity, Staidness.

Antonyms: Intemperance.

Example: A Chinese proverb advises, If you want to quit drinking, just look at a drunkard when you're sober.

Related words:

Sober (adjective) - Serious, sensible, and solemn/ not affected by alcohol; not drunk.
3.Imperium (noun): (Absolute power) (परमसत्ता)

Synonyms: Sovereignty, Hegemony, Paramountcy, Supremacy.

Antonyms: Subordination, Subservience.

Example: Once Britain possessedimperium over most of the world.

Origin: From Latin imperare ‘to command’.
4. Forthwith (adverb):(Immediately; without delay.) (तत्काल/तुरंत)

Synonyms: Immediately, At once, Instantly, This/that instant, In/like a flash, Instantaneously.

Antonyms: Later, Lately.

Example: The CEO liked Jim’s eco-friendly ideas so much he ordered the policies to be enactedforthwith and without delay.
5.Catastrophic (adjective):(Involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.)  (विनाशकारी/प्रलयंकर)

Synonyms: Calamitous, Ruinous, Tragic, Cataclysmic.

Antonyms: Blessed, Fortunate, Advantageous

Example: Because of the severe drought, 1899 famine was quitecatastrophic for farmers.

Related words:

Catastrophically (adverb) – भयंकर रूप से

Catastrophe (noun) - An event causing great and usually sudden damage or suffering; a disaster.
6.Privy (adjective): (Sharing in the knowledge of (something secret or private)) (मर्म भेदी)

Synonyms: Aware of, Acquainted With, Informed of, Apprised of, Cognizant of

Antonyms: Unaware, Unknowing.

Example: A psychologist should be privy to his patient’s thoughts and emotions.
7. Naively (adverb): (In a way that shows a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment.)  (निष्कपट/भोला-भाला/सीधा)

Synonyms: Ingenuously, Unworldly, Greenly, Artlessly.

Antonyms: Intelligently, Sophisticatedly, Wisely.

Example: If you believe every word that politician says, then you are a very naive person.

Related words:

Naive (adjective) - (Of a person or action) showing a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgement.
8. Faux pas (noun): (An embarrassing or tactless act or remark in a social situation/ a social blunder that is quite embarrassing) (भारी भूल/ सामाजिक गलती)

Synonyms: Gaffe, Blunder, Mistake, Error, Misconduct, Misstep.

Antonyms: Correctness.

Example: Because Frank made a gigantic faux pas at the Christmas party last year, he is not invited to this year’s event.
9. Aggravate (verb):  Make (a problem, injury, or offence) worse or more serious. (बिगाड़ देना/और खराब करना)

Synonyms: Exacerbate, Exasperate, Worsen, Ruin.

Antonyms: Delight, Make good, Soothe, Appease.

Example: Not wanting toaggravate my father, I decided not to give him my report card.

Verb forms: Aggravate, Aggravated, Aggravated

Related words:

Aggravation (noun)-  The state of becoming worse or more serious
10. Tribulation (noun): A cause of great trouble or suffering/ a state of great trouble or suffering. (पीड़ा/दुःख)

Synonyms: Affliction, Ordeal, Hardship, Tragedy, Trauma.

Antonym: Delight, Comfort, Contentment, Pleasure

Example: Knowing that her son has been suffering from cancer led her to the tribulation. 

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-24th Dec 2017*

1. Achilles’ heel (Idiom): (A weakness or vulnerable point/a crippling weakness) (अशक्त बिंदु/ कमजोरी)

Synonyms: Frailty, Deficiency, Susceptibility, Weakness.

Antonyms: Strong Point, Strength, Firmness, Soundness.

Example: Maria is an excellent athlete, but after an injury she suffered two years back, her right knee has become her Achilles’ Heel.
2.Undermine (verb): (Lessen the effectiveness, power, or ability of, especially gradually or insidiously.)   (क्षीण करना/अवमूल्यन करना)

Synonyms: Subvert, Cripple, Weaken, Diminish, Reduce, Mar

Antonyms: Strengthen, Shore Up, Support

Example: When engineers came to examine the cracks in the structure of the building, they discovered that years of flooding had worked to undermine the foundation.

Verb forms: Undermine, Undermined, Undermined.

3.Poxy (adjective): (Extremely bad; of poor quality.) (घटिया/रद्दी/व्यर्थ)

Synonyms: Very bad, Abysmal, Appalling, Pathetic, Sub-standard, Inferior.

Antonyms: Excellent, Superlative, First-rate, Superior.

Example: Because Adam was believed to be the Poxy tennis player, everyone was shocked when he beat the number one seed in the first round.
4. Penury (noun):  The state of being very poor; extreme poverty. (used as a figurative sense of Lack of something) (गरीबी/कृपणता)

Synonyms: Destitution, Impecuniousness, Impoverishment, Indigence

Antonyms: Affluence, Opulence, Richness, Wealth

Example: When Margot lost all her money gambling, her family was forced to live in penury. 

5.Conglomerate (noun): (A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms/ A group of diverse companies under common ownership and run as a single organization. (समूह/आधिपत्य)

Synonyms: Consortium, Pool, Syndicate.

Antonyms: Scattered, Parted, divided.

Example: The billionaire’sconglomerate includes restaurants, convenience stores, and a chain of hotels.

Verb forms: Conglomerate, Conglomerated, Conglomerated

Related words:

Conglomerate (verb) - एकत्र करना
6. Laggard (adjective):  A person who makes slow progress and falls behind others. (मन्द/सुस्त/फिसड्डी)

Synonyms: Straggler, Loiterer, Lingerer, Dawdler, Sluggard, Slug, Snail.

Antonyms: Speedy, Expedite.

Example: As far as technology goes, my uncle is viewed as alaggard because he does not have a mobile phone.

Related words:

laggardly (adverb): (Developing or moving very slowly)

7. Ingenuity (noun): (The quality of being clever, original, and inventive (चालाकी/बुद्धिमता)

Synonyms: Cleverness, Ingeniousness, Inventiveness, Dexterity, Skill, Shrewdness

Antonyms: Clumsiness, Ignorance, Inability, Incapacity, Ineptness

Example: When Jack fixed the jeep, his friends were impressed with his mechanical ingenuity.

Related words:

Ingenious (adjective) - (Of a person) clever, original, and inventive. 
8. Prognosis (noun): (A forecast of the likely outcome of a situation.) (पूर्वानुमान) 

Synonyms: Forecast, Prediction, Projection, Prognostication.

Example: Since the cancer has already spread through Jim’s body, his life expectancy prognosis is quite poor.

Verb forms: Prognosticate, Prognosticated, Prognosticated

Related words:

Prognosticate (verb) - Make a prediction about; tell in advance

Prognostic (adjective) - Of or relating to prediction; having value for making predictions
9. Cater (verb): (Provide with what is needed or required.) (आवश्यकताएं पूरी करना)

Synonyms: Serve, Meet the needs/wants of, Accommodate, See to, Look after, Care for.

Example: The company need tocater for demand to establish itself. 

Verb forms: Cater, Catered, Catered.

Related words:

Caterer (noun): व्यवस्थापक

10.Acclamatory (adjective):(Expressing strong and enthusiastic praise or approval) (प्रशंसायुक्त/सराहने योग्य)

Synonyms: Admiring, Approbatory, Commendatory, Extolling, Laudatory, Praising.

Antonyms: Castigating, Critical.

Example: If teachers do not makeAcclamatory statements to the efforts of their students, the students may become unmotivated to succeed.

Related words:

Acclamation (noun) - Loud and enthusiastic approval. 

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-23rd Dec 2017*

1. Desensitize (verb): (To extinguish an emotional response) (असंवेदनशील बनाना)

Synonyms: Make Insensitive, Benumb, Anesthetize, Deaden.

Antonyms: Sensitize.

Example: It is easy for people that have witnessed a great deal of violence to become Desensitizedtowards it and the effects it has on others.

Verb forms: Desensitize, Desensitized, Desensitized.

Related words:

Desensitized (adjective) – Insensitive
2. Hegira (noun): (A mass departure of people.) (बहिर्गमन)

Synonyms: Exodus, Departure, Migration, leaving

Antonyms: Stay, influx, return.

Example: Tired of the hardships of farming, many families have made a Hegira from the country.

Origin: from Arabic hajara ‘emigrate’.
3. Slap on the wrist (phrase): (A mild reprimand or punishment.) (झिड़की/ हलकी सजा) 

Synonyms: Reprimand, Rebuke, Reproof, Scolding, Admonition, Admonishment, Nominal Punishment.

Example: When I misbehaved  and created nuisance in school, my teacher asked me stand on the bench which was just a slap on the wrist for me.

4. Alleviate (verb): Make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe./ to make something less painful, severe, or serious (घटाना/कम करना)

Synonyms: Allay, Assuage, Ease, Mitigate, Lighten, Mollify

Antonyms: Intensify, Worsen, Agitate, Incite

Example: Scared of heights all her life, nothing would alleviateRuth's fear of flying.

Verb forms: Alleviate, Alleviate, Alleviated.

Related words:

Alleviation (noun) -The action or process of making suffering, deficiency, or a problem less severe.
5. Take a leaf out of someone’s book (idiom):(To behave or act like someone else/ imitate or emulate someone in a particular way.) (अनुकरण करना/अनुसरण करना)

Synonyms: Emulate, Model Oneself On, Follow, Copy, Imitate.

Antonyms: Pioneer.

Example: Before playing for India many cricketers have taken a leaf from Sachin’s book.

6. Bellicose (adjective):(Demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight.) (कलहप्रिय/लड़ाकू/झगड़ालू)

Synonyms: Belligerent, Aggressive, Pugnacious, Truculent, Confrontational.

Antonyms: Calm, Easygoing, Pacific.

Example: The bellicose nature can get you into a serious trouble someday!

Related words:

Bellicoseness (noun) - A natural disposition to fight

Origin: from Latin bellum ‘war’.
7.Stupefaction (noun): (The state of being stupefied or stunned) (आश्चर्य/अचरज)

Synonyms: Astonishment, Amazement, Bewilderment, Surprise, Wonder.

Antonyms: Expected Outcomes.

Example: The price of the designer shoes appeared tostupefy Jane’s tightfisted husband.

Verb forms: Stupefy, Stupefied, Stupefied.

Related words:

Stupefy (noun) - Astonish and shock.

Origin: from Latin stupere ‘be struck senseless’.
8. Caper (noun): (An illicit or ridiculous activity or escapade.) (मूर्खतापूर्ण करतब)

Synonyms: Escapade, Prank, Antics, High Jinks, Mischief.

Antonyms: Seriousness.

Example: The police were called to the party when Bill’s drunkencapers became violent.

Verb forms: Caper, Capered, Capered.

Related words:

Caper (verb) - Skip or dance about in a lively or playful way.
9. Picaro (noun): (A dishonest or unprincipled man.) (ठग/दुष्ट/धूर्त/कपटी)

Synonyms: Rogue, Crooked, Swindler, Dishonest, Unscrupulous.

Antonyms: Honest, Conscientious, Scrupulous.

Example: The devilish Picarolaughed after he conned the widow out of her savings.

10.Lewd (adjective): (Crude and offensive in a sexual way.) (अशिष्ट/व्यभिचारी/आचार भ्रष्ट)

Synonyms: Vulgar, Lecherous, Licentious, Debauched, Libertine.

Antonyms: Moral, Decent, Upright.

Example: The manager warned Terri that the next time she makes a lewd comment in the office she will be fired.

Related words:

Lewdness (noun) - अशिष्टता

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-22nd Dec 2017*

Courtesy: The Hindu (General Studies)

1. Panorama (noun): (A complete survey or presentation of a subject.) (सिंहावलोकन /दृश्यपटल)

Synonyms: Overview, Overall Picture, Survey, Review, Perspective.

Example: Seated in the very center of the 15th row of the soccer stadium allowed me to see the panorama of the soccer field which became known as the best seats in the stadium.

Origin: from pan- ‘all’ + Greek horama ‘view’

2.Camaraderie (noun): (Mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together.) (सौहार्द)

Synonyms: Friendship, Comradeship, Fellowship, Companionship, Brotherhood.

Antonyms: Bitterness, Dislike, Hate.

Example: Best friends have a deepcamaraderie which is often unexplainable to others.

Origin: From French camarade means ‘comrade’.

3.Bland (adjective): (Lacking strong features or characteristics and therefore uninteresting.) (अरोचक)

Synonyms: Uninteresting, Dull, Boring, Tedious, Monotonous, Drab, Dreary.

Antonyms: Exciting, Cheerful, Bright.

Example: Because her husband’s response was bland, she knew he was not excited about the decorating changes she had made.

Related words:

Blandly (adverb) - नीरस तरीके से
4. Aficionado (noun): (A person who is very knowledgeable and enthusiastic about an activity, subject, or pastime.) (पारखी/माहिर)

Synonyms: Devotee, Enthusiast, Savant, Buff, Cognoscente.

Antonyms: Critic, Detractor.

Example: Being an aficionadocricket, Jim has never missed a cricket match in his life.

Origin: From Latin affectio ‘(favourable) disposition towards’
5. Nibble away (phrasal verb):(To slowly reduce something / to take away small amounts of something so that the total amount is gradually reduced) (धीरे धीरे कम या ख़त्म कर देना)

Synonyms: Slowly reduce, Gradually diminish, Shrink the effect of, Minify the effect.

Antonyms: Strengthen, Bolster. 

Example: A middle class person should be aware of hidden costs that can nibble away their savings. 

Verb forms: Nibble away, Nibbled away, Nibbled away.
6. When push comes to shove(idiom): (When the situation is critical or urgent) (गंभीर या संकटपूर्ण स्थिति)

Synonyms: Critical point, Climacteric, Contingency, Crucial moment, Emergency.

Antonyms: Good fortune.

Example:Ryan hadn’t want to sell his house, but when push came to shove, he did.

7.Clarion (adjective): (Forceful and clear-cut) (सुस्पष्ट)

Synonyms: Pronounced, Clear-cut, Explicit, Definitive.

Antonyms: Unclear, Vague.

Example: A siren in night is aclarion warning of approaching danger.

Related words:

Clarion call (phrase): (A strongly expressed demand or request for action.)  आह्वान

Origin: from Latin clarus ‘clear’.
8. Veneer (noun): (An attractive appearance that covers or disguises someone or something's true nature or feelings.) (मुखावरण / दिखावा)

Synonyms: Facade, Front, Outward Display, Appearance.

Example: Some celebrities wear a sociable veneer in public, but in actual they are ruthless when they deal with people in private.

Verb forms: Veneer, Veneered, Veneered.

Related words:

Veneer (verb) - Cover or disguise (someone or something's true nature) with an attractive appearance.

9.Immaculate (adjective): (Free from flaws or mistakes/Perfectly clean, neat, or tidy. (स्वच्छ/साफ़ /निष्कलंक)

Synonyms: Impeccable, Faultless, Unblemished.

Antonyms: Defective, Corrupt, Unclean, Imperfect, Tainted

Example: For Jim, It took a lot of work to make the abandoned house immaculate.

Related words:

Immaculately (adverb) - बगैर गलती के

Origin: from Latin immaculatus, from in- ‘not’ + maculatus ‘stained’
10. Amateur (noun): (a person who engages in a pursuit, especially a sport, on an unpaid basis/a person who is contemptibly inept at a particular activity.)(अनुभवहीन/अप्रवीण)   

Synonyms: non-professional, non-specialist, layman, inept, inexpert.

Antonyms: competent, dexterous, skillful.

Example: An athlete gives up his/her amateur status once he/she starts getting paid for his/her sport.

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-21st Dec 2017

Courtesy: The Hindu (General Studies)

1. Punctilious (adjective):(Showing great attention to detail or correct behaviour.) (बारीकियों पर ध्‍यान देने वाला/सूक्ष्‍मताप्रिय)

Synonyms: Meticulous, Careful, Attentive, Scrupulous, Exact, Precise, Accurate, Correct, Thorough.

Antonyms: Careless, Imprecise, Incorrect.

Example: Pharmacists must be very punctilious because the actions they take could result in fatalities.

Related words: 

Punctilio (noun) - A fine or petty point of conduct or procedure.
2.Proselytize (verb): (Advocate or promote (a belief or course of action).) (वकालत करना/पक्षसमर्थन करना)

Synonyms: Promote, Propound, Preach, Advocate, Sponsor.

Antonyms: Oppose, Renounce.

Example: A good doctor willProselytize healthy eating for his patients.

Verb forms: Proselytize, Proselytized, Proselytized.
3.Wherewithal (noun): (The money or other means needed for a particular purpose.) (साधन)

Synonyms: Money, Capital, Finance, Resources, Funds.

Antonyms: Debt, Requirement, Lack

Example: A big project requires a lot of financial wherewithal.





4. Sanguinary (adjective):(Involving or causing much bloodshed.) (रक्तपातपूर्ण)

Synonyms: Gory, Bloodthirsty, Brutal, Hemic, Bloodstained.

Example: In order to get into the gang, the boy had to perform thesanguinary task of stabbing a man to death.

Related words:

Sanguineous (adjective) - Resembling or containing blood.

Origin: From Latin sanguin- ‘blood’.
5.Paradigmatic (adjective):(Associated with a standard model or example) (प्रतिमान संबंधी)

Synonyms: Archetypal, Exemplary, Ideal, Prototypal

Example: The director’s journey from homelessness to living on millionaire’s row is aparadigmatic story that has inspired thousands.

Related words:

Paradigm (noun) - A typical example or pattern of something
6.Axiomatic (adjective): (Self-evident or unquestionable.) (स्वतः सिद्ध)

Synonyms: Self-Evident, Unquestionable, Undeniable, Apodictic

Antonyms: Questionable, Disputed

Example: It is axiomatic that we are living in an age of technology.

Related words:

Axiom (noun) -  A statement or proposition which is regarded as being established, accepted, or self-evidently true.
7. Reconnaissance (noun):(Observation of a region to locate an enemy or ascertain strategic features. (especially for military)) (सर्वेक्षण/पैमाइश)

Synonyms: Scrutiny, Observation, Investigation, Examination, Inspection

Antonyms: Ignorance, negligence.

Example: Reconnaissance robots are the latest trends in technological surveillance.

Verb forms: Reconnoitre, reconnoitred, reconnoitred.

Related words:

Reconnoitre (verb) - Make a observation of (a region).
8. Downright (adjective):(Complete (used for emphasis) (पूरी तरह से)

Synonyms: Complete, Total, Absolute, Utter, Thorough, Out-and-out, Outright.

Antonyms: Partial, Not at all.

Example: Nothing is moredownright irritating to Rohan than having to redo work on the computer all over again because it didn’t save.
9. Fallacy (noun): An idea or belief that is false but many people think is true. (भ्रांति)

Synonyms: Misconception, Mistaken Belief, False Notion, Mistaken Impression, Delusion, Falsehood

Antonyms: Truth, Certainty, Reality

Example: Having money makes you happy is a fallacy because happiness has nothing to do with wealth.

Origin: from Latin fallere ‘deceive’.
10. Well-versed (adjective):(Highly experienced, practiced, or skilled) (अनुभवी/अभिज्ञ)

Synonyms: Accomplished, Knowledgeable, Skilled, Trained, Well-informed.

Antonyms: Inexperienced, Uninformed, Unrefined, Unsophisticated.

Example: Once the foreign exchange student spent the year in Germany, she became well-versedin German having the ability to speak it fluently

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-19th Dec 2017*

1. Schism (noun): (A division or split between people or parties)(मतभेद/विभाजन/ दरार)

Synonyms: Scission, Division, Split, Dissension, Rift, Rupture, Discord.

Antonyms: Agreement, Harmony, Accord, Conformity.

Example: The schism that divided the nation into two separate countries was caused by religious differences.

Origin: From Greek skhizein ‘to split’.

2.Implead (verb): (Prosecute or take proceedings against.) (अभियोजित करना)

Synonyms: Arraign, Indict, Litigate, Sue

Antonyms: Exonerate, Free, Liberate

Example: Since Patty did not get paid for the medical work she did for the hospital, she wouldimplead the hospital for her paycheck.

Verb forms: Implead, Impleaded, Impleaded.

Related words:

Plea (noun) – Appeal

3. Set aside (phrasal verb): (To deprive of legal effect or force/ declare (a marriage) to have had no legal existence.) (निरस्त करना/खारिज करना)

Synonyms: Declare invalid, Declare null and void, Nullify, Invalidate, Void.

Antonyms: Institute, Sanction, Validate.

Example: In a majority 3:2 judgment, a five-judge Bench of the Supreme Court set aside'talaq-e-biddat' — Triple 'talaq' — as a “manifestly arbitrary” practice.

4.Unswerving (adjective): (Not changing or becoming weaker /very loyal and committed in attitude.) (अडिग/निष्ठावान)

Synonyms: Unwavering, Unfaltering, Unflinching, Steadfast, Staunch, Firm, Resolute, Stalwart.

Antonyms: Irresolute, Unreliable.

Example: Since the two countries are Unswerving allies it is not surprising they will work together in the war to defeat their shared enemy.

Verb forms: Swerve, Swerved, Swerved.

Related words:

Swerve (verb) - Change or cause to change direction abruptly.

5.Errant (adjective): (Erring or straying from the accepted course or standards.) (विपथगामी/भटका हुआ)

Synonyms: Aberrant, Deviant, Erring, Mischievous, Wayward, Miscreant.

Antonyms: Correct, Righteous, Moral.

Example: If an educator teaches something that isn’t in the school curriculum, she is said to be acting in an errant manner.

6.Draconian (adjective): ((Of laws or their application) excessively harsh and severe.)  (कठोर/कडा) 

Synonyms: Harsh, Severe, Strict, Extreme, Rigorous, Stringent

Antonyms: Amenable, Gentle, Mild, Temperate

Example: Under draconian law, even the smallest offenses are punished with harsh consequences.

7.Unambiguously (adverb): (In a manner that is not open to more than one interpretation.)   (सुस्पष्ट ढंग से)

Synonyms: Precisely, Unquestionably, Distinctly, Explicitly.

Antonyms: Ambiguously, Indefinitely, Obscurely, Vaguely.

Example: Reading theunambiguous article, the reader was glad to have understood the concept. 

Related words:

Unambiguous (adjective) - Not open to more than one interpretation.

8.Aggrieved (adjective): Feeling resentment at having been unfairly treated. (असंतुष्ट) 

Synonyms: Resentful, Affronted, Indignant, Disgruntled, Discontented

Antonyms: Contented, Happy, Pleased

Example: After his boss yelled at her for not finishing the work on time, the nature of his toneaggrieved the employee.

Verb forms: Aggrieve, Aggrieved, Aggrieved.

Related words:

Aggrieve (verb) - To badly mistreat/make upset

9.Volant (adjective): (Marked by swiftness of motion or action /done or occurring quickly.)   (शीघ्र/तेज़)

Synonyms: Rapid, Swift, Quick, Fast, Prompt, Immediate, Expeditious, Speedy.

Antonyms: Slow, Sluggish, Lazy.

Example: De Villiers' century in just 31 balls against the West Indies was a volant innings.

Origin: from Latin volare ‘to fly’.





10. Stain (noun): (A thing that damages or brings disgrace to someone or something's reputation.) (अपयश/कलंक/बदनामी)

Synonyms: Stigma, Discredit, Dishonor, Blemish, Taint.

Antonyms: Esteem, Honor, Praise, Respect, Cleanliness.

Example: Often people are afraid to admit they have a mental illness because of the stain attached to psychiatric disorders.

Verb forms: Stain, Stained, Stained.

Related words:

Stain (verb) - Damage or bring disgrace to (the reputation or image of someone or something)

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-18th Dec 2017*

Courtesy: The Hindu (Bilateral Ties)

1.Moribund (adjective): ((Of a thing) in terminal decline/lacking vitality or vigor. (अन्त के करीब)

Synonyms: Declining, Waning, Dying, Stagnating, Decaying, Crumbling, Atrophying.

Antonyms: Developing, Growing, Reviving

Example: Without water, the plants will soon enter a moribundstate.

Origin: from Latin mori ‘to die’.
2.Fatuity (noun): (Pointless foolishness and stupidity) (मूर्खता/बेवकूफ़ी)

Synonyms: Absurdity, Asininity, Foolishness, Idiocy, Stupidity.

Antonyms: Intelligence, Shrewdness, Wisdom, Sagacity.

Example: After receiving a windfall, the foolish man showed his fatuity by spending every dime on frivolous purchases.

Related words:

Fatuous (adjective) – मूर्खतापूर्ण
3. Gloss over (phrasal verb): Try to conceal or disguise (something unfavorable) by treating it briefly or representing it misleadingly. (छिपाना)

Synonyms: Conceal, Cover Up, Hide, Camouflage, Disguise, Mislead, Misrepresent, Veil

Antonyms: Disclose, Divulge, Expose

Example: She tried to gloss overher role, when the project met a fiasco.

Verb forms: Glossed over, Glossed over, Glossed over.
4. Run into the ground (idiom):(Exhaust oneself by working or running very hard.) (हद से ज़्यादा थकना)

Synonyms: To exhaust oneself, Wear oneself out, Strain oneself.

Antonyms: Make light of, Be idle.

Example: If you keep working 80-hour weeks, you'll drive run into the ground sooner than later.
5. Foray (noun): (A sudden attack or incursion into enemy territory, especially to obtain something)(आक्रमण/धावा)

Synonyms: Attack, Assault, Incursion, Swoop, Raid, Invasion.

Example: After the orders of Commander, the troops made anforay across the border. 

Verb forms: Foray, Forayed, Forayed.

Related words:

Foray (verb) - Make or go on a foray.
6. Dote (verb) (Be extremely and uncritically fond of) (अत्यधिक स्नेह करना)

Synonyms: Adore, Love dearly, Blandish, Cherish, Lavish affection on.

Antonyms: Insult, Offend, Criticize.

Example: They were looking for a babysitter who would dote on their children as much as they would.

Verb forms: Dote, Doted, Doted.

Related words:

Doting (adjective): (Fond) 
7. Liturgy (noun): (A form or formulary according to which something is conducted/ preset practices that are carried out during a religious service or event) (पद्धति)

Synonyms: Ritual, Rite, Custom, Practice, Tradition, Rubric.

Example: Jack has not missed a day of worship in forty years and as such knows the church’s liturgywell enough to perform most rites.

Origin: from Greek leitourgos  lēitos ‘public’ + -ergos ‘working’.
8.Mollycoddle (verb): (Treat (someone) in an indulgent or overprotective way.) (लाड़ प्यार करना/ (अत्यधिक ध्यान देना))

Synonyms: Pamper, Cosset, Coddle, Overindulge, Wrap in cotton wool.

Antonyms: Ignore, Neglect.

Example: Being the only girl in the team, Sweety is mollycoddled by everyone.

Verb forms: Mollycoddle, Mollycoddled, Mollycoddled.
9. Inimical (adjective):(Unfriendly; hostile/Tending to obstruct or harm) (अहितकर/प्रतिकूल)

Synonyms: Harmful, Injurious, Detrimental, Deleterious, Pernicious, Antagonistic

Antonyms: Favorable, Friendly, Helpful

Example: Not wearing a helmet while driving a scooter can beinimical to your life.

Origin: from Latin inimicus (enemy).
10. Infraction (noun): (A violation or infringement of a law or agreement.) (अतिक्रमण/उलंघन)

Synonyms: Infringement, Contravention, Breach, Violation, Transgression, Breaking.

Antonyms: Obedience, Compliance.

Example: When the soldier committed a very seriousinfraction, he was dishonorably discharged from the military.

Verb forms: Infringe, Infringed, Infringed.

Related words:

Infringe (verb) - Actively break the terms of (a law, agreement, etc.).

Origin: from Latin infringere, from in- ‘into’ + frangere ‘to break

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-17th Dec 2016*

1. Hand down (phrasal verb):(General- to pass something to a person on a lower level./legal- to announce or deliver a (legal) verdict or indictment.) (फैसला देना)

Synonyms: Bequeath, Pass on/ deliver judgment, Announce verdict.

Example:The jury handed down a guilty verdict in the long running case.

Verb forms: Hand down, Handed down, Handed down.
2. Iron-fisted (adjective):(Exercising power in an oppressive or controlling way.) (कठोर/दमनकारी)

Synonyms: Oppressive, Suppressive, Heavy-Handed, Harsh, Severe.

Antonyms: Easy, Gentle, Kind, Mild.

Example: My boss rules in a iron-fisted way, so I'm looking for a new job.
3. Dispel (verb): (Make (a doubt, feeling, or belief) disappear/ to cause to depart or be broken apart) (हटाना/दूर करना)

Synonyms: Banish, Eliminate, dismiss, Chase away, Drive away, Get rid of, Dissipate.

Antonyms: Keep, Allow.

Example: When the president made his speech about the state of the country’s security, he hoped his words would dispel public fears.

Verb forms: Dispel, Dispelled, Dispelled.
4.Eloquent (adjective): (Fluent or persuasive in speaking or writing.) (भावपूर्ण/सुवक्ता)

Synonyms: Articulate, Fecund, Expressive, Fluent.

Antonyms: Dull, Inarticulate.

Example: When you listen to theeloquent person’s speech, you always understand his message.

Related words:

Eloquently (adverb): (In a fluent or persuasive manner.)
5. Recourse (noun): (A source of help in a difficult situation.)  (उपाय/सहायता या मदद के लिये जाना)

Synonyms: Alternative, Way out, Remedy, Help, option.

Antonyms: Blockade, Hindrance, Obstruction

Example: Once Trevor’s financial aid was terminated, he had norecourse other than to get a job and pay his own requirements.
6.Renounce (verb): Formally declare one's abandonment of (a claim, right, or possession). (छोड़ना/दूर रहना)

Synonyms: Deny, Disavow, Eschew, Relinquish, Repudiate

Antonyms: Allow, Approve, Claim, Continue, Embrace, Keep

Example: When Hector tried torenounce his membership in the gang, the group’s leader threatened him.

Verb forms: Renounce, Renounced, Renounced.

Related words:

Renouncement (noun) - दूर करना

Renounceable (adjective) – त्याज्य
7.Onus (noun): (Something that is one's duty or responsibility.) (दायित्व)

Synonyms: Responsibility, Liability, Obligation, Duty

Antonyms: Exoneration, Irresponsibility

Example: As a good teacher, I accept the onus for making sure my students learn something each day.
8. Absolve (verb): Declare (someone) free from guilt, obligation, or punishment/ give absolution for (छोड़ना/मुक्त करना)

Synonyms: Acquit, Exempt, Clear, Discharge, Exculpate, Exonerate

Antonyms: Accuse, Charge, Convict, Incriminate

Example: If you wish to absolveyourself of your sins, you must first confess them and not repeat the same actions.

Verb forms: Absolve, Absolved, Absolved.
9. Rebut (verb): (Claim or prove that (evidence or an accusation) is false.) (गलत ठहराना/खण्डन करना)

Synonyms: Refute, Deny, Disprove, Prove Wrong, Prove False.

Antonyms: Approve, Sanction, Validate, Agree.

Example: Because it is impossible to rebut DNA evidence, there is no way the suspect can deny his presence at the crime scene.

Verb forms: Rebut, Rebutted, Rebutted.

Related words:

Rebuttal (noun) - खंडन
10. Disparity (noun): (A great difference./ the quality or state of being different) (असमानता/विषमता)

Synonyms: Imbalance, Inequality, Unevenness, Dissimilarity

Antonyms: Parity, Similarity, Equality

Example: Sadly, there is adisparity in healthcare treatment among the economic classes.

Related words:

Disparage (verb) - उपेक्षा करना

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS- 16th Dec 2017*

1. Incursion (noun): (An invasion or attack, especially a sudden or brief one) (आक्रमण/धावा)

Synonyms: Attack, Foray, Incursion, Invasion, Assault.

Antonyms: Retreat, Withdrawal, Surrender.

Example:  When the troops made an incursion across the border, they ruined any chance for peace between the two countries.





2. Evanesce (verb): (Pass out of sight, memory, or existence/ to vanish slowly) (ओझल हो जाना/ग़ायबहोना)

Synonyms: Disappear, Evaporate, Vanish, Fade Away.

Antonyms: Appear, Arrive.

Example: Jack’s dog was confused as it watched the rainbowevanesce into nonexistence.

Verb forms: Evanesce, Evanesced, Evanesced.

Related words:

Evanescence (noun) - क्षणभंगुरता

Evanescent (adjective) - क्षणिक

Origin:  from Latin evanescere, from e- (variant of ex-) ‘out of’ + vanus ‘empty’.





3. Construe (verb): (Interpret (a word or action) in a particular way) (अर्थ लगाना/ आशय करना)

Synonyms: Interpret, Understand, Parse, Render, Elucidate, Decode

Antonyms: Misunderstand, Confuse

Example: Even though Ellen looked at the handwritten note several times, she was unable toconstrue the message behind Henry’s messy text.

Verb forms: Construe, Construed, Construed

Origin:  from Latin construere  ‘analyse the construction of a sentence’.





4. Semblance (noun): The outward appearance or apparent form of something. (झलक/आभास)

Synonyms: Appearance, Facade, Front, Veneer.

Example: Even though she was nervous during her presentation, she tried to project a semblance of calmness while speaking.

Origin: from French, sembler ‘seem’





5. Illicit (adjective): (Forbidden by law, rules, or custom.) (अवैध/अनुचित)

Synonyms: Illegal, Unlawful, Illegitimate, Unauthorized

Antonyms: Lawful, Moral, Authorized, Legal

Example: In the prison, inmates are prohibited from having illicititems such as drugs, alcohol, and weapons.

Related words:

Illicitly (adverb) - In a manner disapproved or not allowed by custom or law

Origin: from Latin illicitus, from in- ‘not’ + licitus (allowed).





6. Clique (noun): (A small close-knit group of people who do not readily allow others to join them.) (गुट)

Synonyms: Coterie, Group, Cabal, Faction, Posse

Antonyms: Individual

Example: Elaine did not receive an invitation to Rachel’s birthday party because she is not a part of the popular clique in the college. 





7. Reckoning (noun): (A person's opinion or judgment.) (मत)

Synonyms: Opinion, View, Judgment, Evaluation, Appraisal, Consideration.

Antonyms: Avoidance, Negligence.

Example: When she got her dream job after years of struggle, it became a change of luck in herreckoning.

Verb forms: Reckon, Reckoned, Reckoned.

Related words:

Reckon (verb) - Be of the opinion.





8. Ginormous (adjective):(Extremely large) (विराट/विशाल)

Synonyms: Huge, Vast, Extensive, Gigantic, Colossal, Gargantuan.

Antonyms: Insignificant, Little, Miniature, Miniscule, Minute.

Example: A stadium colossal in size can hold enormous people.

Origin: Blend of giant and enormous.





9. Extradite (verb): (Hand over (a person accused or convicted of a crime) to the jurisdiction of the foreign state in which the crime was committed.) (प्रत्यर्पण करना/भागे हुए विदेशी अपराधी को योग्य अधिकारी के हाथ मैं सौंपना)

Synonyms: Deport, Hand over, Send back, Repatriate.

Antonyms: Hold or keep to oneself.

Example: After robbing the bank, Jeffrey decided to move to a country that would not extraditehim to face charges.

Verb forms: Extradite, Extradited, Extradited.

Related words:

Extradition (noun) – Deportation

Origin: from French, ex- ‘out, from’ + tradition ‘delivery’.





10. Au fond (adverb): (In central or primary respects.) (मूलतः)

Synonyms: Fundamentally, Basically, Elementally, Radically, Constitutionally, Essentially.

Antonyms: Superficially, Ostensibly

Example: Au fond, we all want our lives to be safe and secure.

Origin: from French au fond

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-15th Dec 2017*

Courtesy: The Hindu (General Studies)

1. Ecstasy (noun): (An overwhelming feeling of great happiness or joyful excitement.) (उत्साह/उल्लास)

Synonyms: Rapture, Bliss, Elation, Euphoria, Joyousness, Jubilation, Exultation.

Antonyms: Sorrow, Unhappiness, Woe, Apathy.

Example: Joy experienced a state of ecstasy the day when first child was born in his home.

Related words:

Ecstatic (adjective) - Feeling or expressing overwhelming happiness or joyful excitement.
2.Frugal (adjective): (Sparing or economical as regards money or food.) (मितव्ययी/अल्पव्ययी)

Synonyms: Thrifty, Sparing, Economical, Saving, Spartan, Puritanical.

Antonyms: Spendthrift, Wasteful, Extravagant, Lavish.

Example: Be more frugal with your expenses, and you will not be in debt.

Related words:

Frugality (noun) - किफायत

Origin:  from Latin frugi ‘economical, thrifty’,
3. Scramble (verb): (Move hurriedly or clumsily from or into a particular place or position.) (हड़बड़ी करना) 

Synonyms: Hurry, Scurry, Scud, Hasten, Rush.

Antonyms: Move Quietly.

Example: When It started to rain, and they all scrambled for cover.

Verb forms: Scramble, Scrambled, Scramble
4.Gormless (adjective): (Lacking sense or initiative/ lacking good sense or judgment) (बुद्धिहीन/मूर्खतापूर्ण)

Synonyms: Stupid, Silly, Idiotic, Imbecile, Dopey, Lunatic.

Antonyms: Intelligent, Prudent, Wise, Cognizant.

Example: Some people start to behave in gormless way  when they get  drunk.
5. Appellation (noun): (A name or title.) (उपाधि/संज्ञा/पदवी)

Synonyms: Name, Title, Designation, Denomination, Honorific, Tag, Epithet, Label, Sobriquet.

Example: In high school her friends would often refer to her as Penguin, an appellation that she earned because of her unusual walk.

Origin: from Latin appellare ‘to address’
6.Subside (verb): (Become less intense, violent, or severe.) (कम होना/धीमा पड़ना/घट जाना)

Synonyms: Recede, Lessen, Diminish, Decline, Dwindle, Weaken, Fade, Wane, Ebb.

Antonyms: Escalate, Intensify, Increase, Raise, Strengthen, Augment.

Example: After she took the medicine, the pain in her legsubsided.

Verb forms: Subside, Subsided, Subsided.

7.Glitzy (adjective): (Attractive in a showy and often q11q way.) (आडम्बरी)q

Synonyms: Splashy, Glaring, Ostentatious, Showy.

ZAntonyms: Moderate, Simple, Modest.

Example: Inside of a casino is generally marked by a kind ofglitz. 

Related words:

Glitzy (adjective) - Extravagant but superficial display.
8. Bow out (phrasal verb):(Withdraw or retire from an activity or role.) (अलग होना/वापिस लेना)

Synonyms: Withdraw from, Resign from, Retire from, Step down from, Get out of, Pull out of, Back out of, Stop participating in.

Antonyms: Continue, Opt in.

Example:The candidate bowed out after news of his scandal went public.

Verb forms: Bow out, Bowed out, Bowed out.
9.Plucky (adjective): (Having or showing determined courage in the face of difficulties.)  (बहादुर/वीर/ हिम्मती)

Synonyms: Brave, Courageous, Bold, Daring, Fearless, Intrepid.

Antonyms: Afraid, Cowardly, Fearful, Meek, Timid.

Example: A soldier must have theplucky attitude.
10. Herald (verb): (Be a sign that (something) is about to happen.) (संकेत होना/ सूचना देना)

Synonyms: Signal, Indicate, Announce, Point To, Presage, Augur, Portend.

Example: The ability to download new movies at home heralds a decrease in movie theater profits.

Verb forms: Herald, Heralded, Heralded.

Related words:

Herald (verb)- (A person or thing viewed as a sign that something is about to happen; Something that precedes and indicates the approach of something or someone)

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-13th Dec 2017*

1. Hiatus (noun): (A pause or break in continuity in a sequence or activity.) (अंतराल/अभाव)

Synonyms: Pause, Break, Interval, Interruption, Suspension, Intermission, Interlude, Gap, Lacuna.

Antonyms: Continuity, Juncture.

Example: My doctor suggests I take a hiatus from my job while I am recovering from knee surgery.

Origin: from Latin hiare ‘gape’.
2. Spar (verb): (Argue with someone without marked hostility.) (तकरार करना)

Synonyms: Argue, Row, Disagree, Differ, Be At Odds, Be At Variance, Dispute

Antonyms: Agree, Give Consent, Concur

Example: N. Korea and America continue to spar each other over several issues.

Verb forms: Spar, Sparred, Sparred
3. Equivocate (verb): (Use ambiguous language so as to conceal the truth or avoid committing oneself.) (स्पष्ट बात न करना/गोलमोल बात कहना)

Synonyms: Prevaricate, Be vague, Be ambiguous, Evade/Dodge the issue, Beat about the bush.

Antonyms: Speak Clearly.

Example: The crooked salesman went out of his way to equivocatethe sales terms to the elderly couple.

Verb forms: Equivocate, Equivocated, Equivocated.

Related words:

Equivocate (noun) - Falsification by means of vague or ambiguous language
4.Hopscotch (verb): (Travel from place to place.) (यात्रा करना/भ्रमण करना)

Synonyms: Wander, Stroll, Saunter, Amble, Ramble, Roam.

Antonyms: Stay.

Example: A wanderlust generally hopscotches of most of his life.

Verb forms: Hopscotch, Hopscotched, Hopscotched.

5.Atrocious (adjective): (Of a very poor quality; extremely bad or unpleasant (घोर/बहुत बुरा)

Synonyms: Appalling, Dreadful, Terrible, Very Bad, Unpleasant, Lamentable, Woeful

Antonyms: Good, Magnificent, Wonderful, Inoffensive

Example: After receivingatrocious reviews, the play closed the day after opening.

Related words:

Atrociously (adverb) - बेकार ढंग से

Origin: from Latin atrox 



 

6. Smugness (noun): Exhibiting or feeling great satisfaction with oneself or with one's situation.  (आत्मसंतुष्टि)

Synonyms: Complacency, Self-Satisfaction, Self-Approval, Self-Approbation

Antonyms: Humility, Modesty.

Example: Gregory was smug after he easily eliminated his rival during the kickboxing competition.

Related words:

Smug (adjective) -  Marked by excessive complacency or self-satisfaction



 

7. Run the gauntlet (phrase):(To endure a series of problems/ To be exposed to or forced to endure a series of threats, dangers, criticism, or other problems.) (आलोचना का विषय होना)

Synonyms: To be a target, Come to grips with, Face criticism, Go through fire and water.

Example: The director has beenrunning the gauntlet of fans' outrage following the release of his latest film.



 

8. Wuss (noun): (A weak or ineffectual person) (अक्षम/कमजोर)

Synonyms: Impotent, Inadequate, Unfit, Lame, Feeble, Weak.

Antonyms: Healthy, Strong, Sturdy.

Example: John’ s friends teased him for being a wuss when he failed the push-up test in gym class

Verb forms: Wuss, Wussed, Wussed.

Related words:

Wuss (verb) - Fail to do or complete something as a result of fear or lack of confidence.



 

9. Sneer (verb): (Smile or speak in a contemptuous or mocking manner.) (व्यंग्यात्मक ढंग से मुस्कुराना / अवहेलना दिखाना)

Synonyms: Smile Disparagingly, Smile Contemptuously, Smile Smugly, Smile Conceitedly, Deride, Jeer.

Antonyms: Compliment, Praise.

Example: There is no way you will get the job if you sit at the interview with a sneer on your face.

Verb forms: Sneer, Sneered, Sneered.

Related words:

Sneer (noun) - A contemptuous or mocking smile, remark, or tone.



 

10. Lad (noun): (A boy or young man) (नौजवान)

Synonyms: Boy, Youth, Youngster, Juvenile, Stripling, Young fellow.

Antonyms: Old man.

Example: When he was just a small lad, the scientist decided that he wanted to make a career out of research.

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS- 12th Dec 2017*

1.Obnubilate (verb): (Darken or cover with/ cover or envelop so as to conceal from view.)  (छिपाना/ढकना)

Synonyms: Shroud, Veil, Cloak, Mask, Obscure, Overlay.

Antonyms: Reveal, Divulge, Bring To Light.

Example: The robbers wore large coats to Obnubilate  their weapons from the security guards.

Verb forms: Obnubilate  , Obnubilated, Obnubilated.

Origin: from Latin obnubilare  - ‘covered with clouds or fog’.
2. Ledger (noun): (A book or other collection of financial accounts.) (बहीखाता/लेखा बही)

Synonyms: Account Book, Record Book, Register, Registry, Log, Records, Balance Sheet, Financial Statement.

Example: The manager was furious over the cashier as the cash shown in the companyledger was not the same as the available balance the bank account.

Origin: from English “variants of lay”

3.Amorphous (adjective):Without a clearly defined shape or form/ lacking a clear structure or focus. (अव्यवस्थित)  

Synonyms: Shapeless, Formless, Unstructured, Indeterminate, Indefinite, Vague, Nebulous

Antonyms: Definite, Distinct, Shaped

Example: The amorphous laws are hard to follow because they are not clearly defined.

Origin:  from Greek amorphos ‘shapeless’ (from a- ‘without’ + morphē ‘form’).

4.Meteoric (adjective): (Lit- relating to meteors or meteorites./ (fig-of the development of something) very rapid.) (त्वरित/बहुत तेज)

Synonyms: Rapid, Swift, Fast, Quick, Speedy, Breakneck, Fast-Track, Accelerated, Whirlwind.

Antonyms: Slow, Gradual, Long-Drawn-Out

Example: In just a few years The value of Bitcoin has increased in aMeteoric way
5.Abet (verb): (Encourage or assist (someone) to do something) (सहयोग देना/बढ़ावा देना)

Synonyms: Assist, Aid, Help, Lend A Hand, Support, Encourage.

Antonyms: Halt, Prevent, Stop, Disapprove.

Example: If you abet violence in your home, you should not be surprised if your children grow up to be abusers.

Verb forms: Abet, Abetted, Abetted

Related words:

Abetment (noun) - अवप्रेरण
6.Unscrupulous (adjective):(Having or showing no moral principles; not honest or fair/ unconcerned about doing what is right.) (अनैतिक)

Synonyms: Unprincipled, Unethical, Immoral, Conscienceless

Antonyms: Decent, Ethical, Fair, Moral

Example: Because the doctor was an unscrupulous man, he often charged his patients for tests he did not perform.

Related words:

Unscrupulously (adverb) - अनैतिकता से

Unscrupulousness (noun) – अनैतिकता
7. Shirk (verb): (Avoid or neglect (a duty or responsibility).) (टालना/बचना)

Synonyms: Evade, Dodge, Avoid, Sidestep, Shun, Slide Out Of, Play Truant From.

Antonyms: Confront, Encounter, Face, Meet.

Example: A lazy manager often attempts to shirk his responsibilities by passing his tasks on to his workers.

Verb forms: Shirk, Shirked, Shirked.

Related words:

Shirk (noun) - A person who shirks.
8. Kick-off (noun): (The start of an event or activity.) (आरंभ/शुरुआत)

Synonyms: Beginning, Start, Outset, Opening, Start, Initiation, Inception, Commencement.

Antonyms: End, Finish, Completion.

Example: At the kick-off of the training process, the safety rules were explicitly stated so that no one would get hurt.
9.Irrefragable (adjective): (Not able to be disputed or doubted.) (निर्विवाद)

Synonyms: Indubitable, Undoubted, Indisputable, Undeniable, Irrefutable, Incontestable, Incontrovertible.

Antonyms: Disputable, Doubtful, Questionable.

Example: It is an Irrefragable fact smoking cigarettes can increase the risk of lung cancer.

Origin: from Latin irrefragabilis, from in- ‘not’ + refragari ‘oppose’. 
10.Tenet (noun): Principle or belief, especially one of the main principles of a religion or philosophy. / a belief or opinion considered valid by a group or individual (मत/सिद्धान्त)

Synonyms: Principle, Belief, Doctrine, Precept, Creed, Credo, Article Of Faith, Dogma

Antonyms: Disbelief, Doubt, Skepticism, Unbelief

Example: An example of tenet is the Christian belief that Jesus is the son of God.

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THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS-11th Dec 2017*

1. Shot in the arm (idiom):(A boost or act of encouragement.) (प्रोत्साह/बढ़ावा)

Synonyms: Encouragement, Stimulus, Succor, Inspiritment. 

Antonyms: Handicap, Harm, Hindrance, Hurt.

Example: The good score in mock tests was a shot in the arm for Gary before final examinations.
2. Folly (noun): Lack of good sense or normal prudence and foresight. (मूर्खता)

Synonyms: Foolishness, Stupidity, Idiocy, Imbecility, Silliness, Inanity, Lunacy

Antonyms: Prudence, Sagaciousness, Sapience, Sensibleness, Wisdom

Example: The folly that got Jim arrested was hanging out with the gang of robbers.

Origin:  from French fol ‘fool, foolish’.
3.Concomitant (adjective):(Naturally accompanying or associated/ The trait of being naturally accompanies or follows something.) (सहवर्ती/जुड़ा हुआ)

Synonyms: Accompanying, Associated, Collateral, Related, Connected, Linked

Antonyms: Unrelated, Separate, Distinct

Example: Puberty is the stage of life where adolescents begin to experience concomitant changes in their bodies and their emotions.  

Related words:

Concomitance (noun) - Occurrence or existence together or in connection with one another

Origin: from Latin concomitant- ‘accompanying’
4. Impediment (noun): A hindrance or obstruction in doing something. (अवरोध/बाधा)

Synonyms: Barrier, Interruption, Hindrance, Obstruction, Block,  Restriction, Deterrence

Antonyms: Aid, Assistance, Clearance, Blessing, Boon, Freedom

Example: In most romantic movies, there is always some sort of impediment that temporarily stops the guy from getting his dream girl.  

Verb forms: Impede, Impeded, Impeded

Related words:

Impede (verb) - बाधा डालना
5.Proactive (adjective): ((Of a person or action) creating or controlling a situation rather than just responding to it after it has happened (अग्रसक्रिय)

Synonyms: Prudent, Wise, Heedful, Cautious

Antonyms: Improvident, Heedless, Careless, Incautious

Example: Emergency procedures are proactive measures to ensure everyone’s safety.

6. Trickle (verb): (Come or go slowly or gradually/ cause (a liquid) to flow in a small stream.) (रिसना/धीरे-धीरे जाना)

Synonyms: Crawl, Dribble, Ooze, Drizzle.

Antonyms: Pour, Gush.

Example: Before it began to gush, the roof leak started off as atrickle.

Verb forms: Trickle, Trickled, Trickled.

Related words:

Trickle (noun): (Something moving or changing slowly)  
7. Acquaintance (noun):(Knowledge or experience of something.) (परिचय//जानकारी)

Synonyms: Familiarity, Knowledge, Experience, Awareness, Understanding Of, Comprehension Of.  Cognizance.

Antonyms: Ignorance, Unfamiliarity.

Example: After two years of practice, he developed a goodacquaintance with guitar.

Verb forms: Acquaint, Acquainted, Acquainted.

Related words:

Acquaintance (noun) - A person one knows slightly but not well

Origin: from French acointier ‘make known
8.Midget (adjective): (Very small/ so small as to be insignificant.) (छोटा/लघु)

Synonyms: Tiny, Minute, Micro, Diminutive, Miniature, Lilliputian.

Antonyms: Enormous, Vast, Immense, Massive, Gigantic, Huge.

Example: Compared to the large supercomputers of the 1970’s, laptops are really Midget in size.

Related words:

Midget (noun) - A very small person or thing.
9. Club (verb): (Combine with others for a particular purpose.) (एक हो जाना/इक्कठा करना)

Synonyms: Join Forces, Make A Joint Contribution, Join Up, Come Together, Pull Together, Collaborate, Ally.

Antonyms: Divide, Separate.

Example: Friends and colleaguesclubbed together to buy him a present on his birthday.  

Verb forms: Club, Clubbed, Clubbed.



 

10. Slumber (noun): (Sleep/ to be in a torpid, slothful, or negligent state) (नींद/उपेक्षा/ढिलाई)

Synonyms: Sleep, Dormancy, Stupor, Inactivity, Repose.

Antonyms: Consciousness, Activity, Energy, Awakening.

Example: Everyone’s life should have a balance: work and play, activity and slumber.

Verb forms: Slumber, Slumbered, Slumbered.

Related words:

Slumber (verb) – To sleep.

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*THΣ HIΠDU ΣDITΩRIΔL WORDS- 09th Dec 2017*

1. Unedifying (adjective):((Especially of an event taking place in public) distasteful; unpleasant.) (अप्रिय /अशोभनीय)

Synonyms: Unpleasant, Distasteful, Undesirable, Unpalatable, Displeasing

Antonyms: Palatable, Pleasant, Edifying, Tasteful

Example: It is unedifying to the public whenever a scam is exposed to a government official.

Verb forms: Edify, Edified, Edified

Related words:

Edify (verb) - Instruct or improve (someone) morally or intellectually.

2. Desideratum (noun):(Something that is needed or wanted.) (अभाव/आवश्यकता)

Synonyms: Requirement, Prerequisite, Need, Essential, Requisite, Necessary, Sine Qua Non.

Antonyms: Nonessential.

Example: The desideratum for the job was someone with flexibility and experience in the field.

Verb forms: Desiderate, Desiderated, Desiderated.

Related words:

Desiderate (verb) - Feel a keen desire for (something lacking or absent).
3. Megrim (noun): (A sudden desire or change of mind, especially one that is unusual or unexplained.)  (सनक/झक)

Synonyms: Whim, Impulse, Urge, Caprice, Craze, Fad.

Antonyms: Certainty.

Example: Having no sense of purpose, the wayward was often at the mercy of the strange megrims that sprang into his head.

4.Lackadaisical (adjective):(Lacking enthusiasm and determination; carelessly lazy.) (लापरवाह/उत्साह रहित)

Synonyms: Careless, Lazy, Lax, Unenthusiastic, Indifferent, Uncaring, Unconcerned

Antonyms: Careful, Enthusiastic, Diligent

Example: Jim’s lackadaisicalattitude about studying is causing him to do poorly in school.
5. Enamour (verb): (Have a liking or admiration for/ be filled with love for.) (आकृष्ट करना)

Synonyms: Love-struck by, Captivated by, Charmed by, Enchanted by, Fascinated by, Enrapture.

Antonyms: Disenchant, Disgust, Displease, Repel, Repulse.

Example: In audition, The dancer will use her skillful moves to try and enamour the judging panel.

Verb forms: Enamour, Enamoured, Enamoured.

Origin:  from French enamourer, from en- ‘in’ + amour ‘love’.
6. Portend (verb): (Be a sign or warning that (something, especially something momentous or calamitous) is likely to happen.) (पूर्वाभास या पूर्वसूचना देना)

Synonyms: Harbinger, Prophesy, Forecast, augur, Presage

Antonyms: Ignore, Neglect

Example: In general, larger salaries usually portend greater spending.

Verb forms: Portend, Portended, Portended.

Origin:  from Latin portendere, based on pro- ‘forth’ + tendere ‘stretch’.
7. Vying (adjective): (To be competitive with someone in order to do or achieve something.) (प्रतिस्पर्धात्मक)

Synonyms: Competitive, Competing, Cut-Throat, Contesting.

Antonyms: Noncompetitive, Un-Vying.

Example: After the test matches, India and Sri Lanka will vie for the upcoming one-day series.

Verb forms: Vie, Vied, Vied.

Related words:

Vie (verb) – Compete

Origin: From Latin invitare ‘challenge’.
8. Juggle (verb): (Cope with by adroitly balancing (several activities).) (सामना करना)

Synonyms: Battle, Contest, Cope With, Grapple, Strive.

Antonyms: Give Up, Surrender.

Example: A captain in any game has to juggle throughout the match.

Verb forms: Juggle, Juggled, Juggled.
9. Shed (verb): (Discard (something undesirable, superfluous, or outdated).) (अमान्य करना/निकाल देना)

Synonyms: Discard, Get rid of, Dispose of, Do away with, Scrap, Dump, Cast aside.

Antonyms: Accept, Allow, Approve, Ratify, Retain, Sanction.

Example: In the Company meeting, the recent implemented ideas that didn’t work, shedwithout any further discussion on them.

Verb forms: Shed, Shed, Shed.
10. Dupe (verb): To deliberately mislead someone or the person who is easily used or tricked (धोखा देना/बेवकूफ़ बनाना/ठगना)

Synonyms: Deceive, Trick, Hoodwink, Hoax, Swindle, Defraud, Cheat

Antonyms: Be Honest.

Example: Because Bill does whatever anyone tells him to do, he is the perfect dupe.

Verb forms: Dupe, Duped, Duped.

Related words:

Dupe (verb) - A victim of deception.

Dupery (noun) - जालसाजी

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What is Bitcoin and how does it work?

Bitcoin is talk of town these days. On one hand, Japan consider bitcoin as a legal tender, while on the other, JP Morgan Chase CEO James Dimon calls it little more than a “deceit(fraud,छल)”. 

Investors or traders of Bitcoin faced chaotic(disordered,अस्त व्यस्त) situation after Shanghmajor Chinese bitcoin exchange, on Thursday said it would stop trading in the crypto-currency from September 30, citing(mention,उल्लेख) tightening regulation, while smaller bitcoin exchanges ViaBTC, YoBTC and Yunbi on Friday announced tantamount(similar,के समान) closures. This sent negative signal to the world in relation to Bitcoin. 

ai-based BTCChina, a

Indian government also is not looking plausible(happy,खुश) with Bitcoin. The Reserve Bank of India official Sudarshan Sen on September 13 said that the central bank was uncomfortable with “non-fiat” cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. 

The digital-currency has plunged(dip,डूबना) over 50 per cent in the past 13 trading days. 

What is Bitcoin?
Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, or a digital currency, that uses rules of cryptography for regulation and generation of units of currency. Bitcoin falls under the scope of cryptocurrency and was the first and most valuable among them. It is commonly called a decentralised digital currency. 

Bitcoin was invented by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009. 

How Bitcoin works?
Hitesh Malviya, Bitcoin Expert, itsblockchain.com explains, Bitcoins are utterly(completely,बिल्कुल) virtual coins designed to be ‘self-contained’ for their value, with no need for banks to move and store the money. 

Once you own bitcoins, they possess value and trade just as if they were nuggets of gold in your pocket. You can use your bitcoins to purchase goods and services online, or you can tuck them away and hope that their value augments(increases,बढ़ना) over the years. Bitcoins are traded from one personal 'wallet' to another. 

A wallet is a small personal database that you store on your computer drive, on your smartphone, on your tablet, or somewhere in the cloud.

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